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Five years ago, Rodrigo passed into his senior years without any issues. But as the years crept on, things began to change. People don't often talk about senior dogs in the raw feeding community; the focus is usually on the needs of a growing puppy, not an aging senior. In this article, I'll share what I've learned about caring for a senior raw fed dog, including his unique health needs, changes to his diet, and supplements to slow the aging process.
When Do Our Raw Fed Dogs Become Seniors?
Generally, our dogs are considered seniors at seven years old. However, this isn't the case for all dogs because our dogs age differently based on age (and other things). Large dog breeds age more quickly than smaller breeds.
- Small breeds (< 30 lbs/14 kg) are considered senior dogs around 10-12.
- Medium breeds (31-54 lbs/14-24 kg) are considered senior dogs around 8-9.
- Large and giant breed dogs (> 55 lbs/25 kg) are considered senior dogs around 6-7 years.
My dogs fall in the “large” category.
Signs of Aging in Raw Fed Dogs
Feeding a fresh food diet comes with many benefits, including a promise of longevity and slowing the aging process, raw fed dogs do age. The first sign of aging is arthritis and joint pain. We notice our dogs slowing down and appearing stiff after a long rest.
Other signs of aging may include:
- white hairs (greying) on the muzzle and face
- muscle loss
- weight gain or weight loss
- opacity in the eyes; this is due to the thickening of the lens
- sleeping more or restlessness at night
- confusion, hesitation, and changes in behavior
- hearing loss
- gum disease
- changes in taste buds
- kidney disease
Of course, every dog is unique and may not experience all the above signs of aging.
I'm not a veterinarian or a nutritionist; therefore, I will share what I'm doing for my dogs (we currently have two seniors) to address their health needs and other changes. In my experience, I've had to adjust diets and supplementation and exercise patience with my aging pups.
Behavior Changes of Senior Dogs
Besides the slowing down that is expected as he ages, Rodrigo only has slight behavioral changes. He follows me when we go outside (or back inside) as if he's unsure what we're going to do. He sleeps more. And he's more mellow.
Rodrigo has always been an anxious, reactive dog. I treat this by avoiding his triggers, maintaining a consistent routine, and using a powerful CBD oil.
Joint and Mobility Issues with Senior Dogs
The first thing I noticed was the change in mobility. Rodrigo began having joint issues at a young age. Transitioning to a raw food diet improved his mobility and decreased inflammation. To continue supporting his joint health, I use the following supplements:
- YuMove Senior Joint Supplements
- Omega-3 fatty acids – salmon oil, salmon, sardines, green-lipped mussels, etc.
- CBD Dog Health EASE (alternated with Earth Buddy Mobility)
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA)
I recently began using a PEA supplement for pets and have seen improvement in Rodrigo's mobility. However, after a few days, Rodrigo began experiencing digestive issues. I didn't initially associate this with the supplement and continued using it. Rodrigo got very sick, and it took months for him to recover. This was not due to the brand but the palmitoylethanolamide – any PEA product I used would have caused the same side effects.
Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) is a naturally occurring lipid compound that belongs to the family of fatty acid amides. It is produced within the body and can also be found in some food sources, such as eggs and peanuts.
Benefits of Palmitoylethanolamide:
- Pain Relief: PEA has been extensively studied for its analgesic properties. It modulates the activity of specific receptors involved in pain signaling, which may help reduce pain and inflammation. It has shown promising results in relieving chronic pain conditions, such as neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and sciatica.
- Anti-inflammatory Effects: PEA exhibits anti-inflammatory actions by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory substances, such as cytokines and histamine. This can help attenuate inflammation and reduce associated symptoms.
- Neuroprotective Effects: PEA has shown neuroprotective properties by promoting the repair and regeneration of nerve cells. It may help in conditions like multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and neuropathic pain by modulating immune responses and reducing neuronal damage.
- Immune Modulation: PEA has been found to exert immunomodulatory effects by regulating the activity of immune cells. It can help regulate excessive immune reactions and promote a balanced immune response.
- Anti-allergic Effects: PEA has been shown to reduce allergic reactions by inhibiting mast cell activation and subsequent release of allergic mediators like histamine.
Side Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide:
Palmitoylethanolamide is generally well-tolerated, and side effects are rare. However, some individuals may experience mild gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea, diarrhea, or stomach discomfort. These side effects are usually temporary and resolve on their own. However, PEA can cause longer-term discomfort (diarrhea, cramping, vomiting) in dogs with existing digestive issues (EPI, IBD, etc.).
It is important to note that while PEA has shown potential benefits in various conditions, more research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms of action and establish its efficacy in specific clinical settings.
Home Red Light Therapy Devices
I am also using red light therapy devices designed for home use. Although I've used these successfully, and Rodrigo has been treated at the vet's office, he is new to the home devices.
Red light therapy, also known as photobiomodulation therapy or low-level light therapy, involves using red or near-infrared light to stimulate specific cells in the body. This non-invasive treatment method has gained popularity for its potential therapeutic effects on various physiological processes.
Benefits of Red Light Therapy:
- Skin Health: Red light therapy has been shown to improve skin health by stimulating collagen production, reducing wrinkles and fine lines, promoting wound healing, and reducing inflammation.
- Pain Relief: Red light therapy has analgesic properties and can help reduce pain and inflammation. It may benefit conditions like arthritis, muscle strains, joint pain, and chronic pain syndromes.
- Wound Healing: The use of red light therapy has been found to accelerate wound healing by promoting cell proliferation and enhancing blood circulation to the affected area.
- Improved Circulation: Red light therapy can enhance blood circulation by stimulating the formation of new capillaries and improving the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to tissues.
Side Effects of Red Light Therapy:
Red light therapy is considered safe and generally well-tolerated. However, some individuals may experience mild and temporary side effects, including:
- Eye Strain: Direct exposure of the eyes to the light source can cause eye strain or discomfort. It is essential to use appropriate eye protection, such as goggles when undergoing red light therapy.
- Skin Irritation: In rare cases, some individuals may experience skin irritation, redness, or a rash in response to red light therapy. This is usually mild and resolves on its own.
It is important to note that many veterinarian professionals don't believe the home models are effective or beneficial. When shopping for a device, I read many reviews, looking specifically for dog owners who have used the device. I avoid products with only positive reviews, concerned that the brand is filtering out any negative reviews.
Diet Changes for Senior Dogs
In 2021, Rodrigo stopped eating raw food. This is when I began feeding raw at room temperature. He's also particular about texture. Today, I primarily alternate DIY raw and The Farmer's Dog.
I've read that senior dogs need less protein in their diet; however, this is untrue. Senior dogs often require a higher protein content in their diet due to several factors associated with aging. Therefore, I add more protein to Rodrigo's bowl when feeding the dogs. Green tripe is his favorite.
- Muscle Maintenance: Aging can lead to muscle loss and decreased muscle mass, a condition known as sarcopenia. Adequate protein intake is crucial for muscle maintenance and may help reduce muscle loss in senior dogs. Protein provides the necessary amino acids needed for muscle synthesis and repair.
- Immune Function: Protein is vital in maintaining a strong immune system. As dogs age, their immune function may decline, making them more susceptible to infections and diseases. A protein-rich diet can help support immune system function, ensuring their bodies can effectively fight infections and stay healthy.
- Nutrient Absorption: Senior dogs may experience a decline in digestive efficiency and nutrient absorption. Protein is highly digestible and can help optimize nutrient uptake from their diet. Providing a higher protein content increases the chances of adequate nutrient absorption, ensuring senior dogs receive the essential amino acids and other nutrients necessary for overall health.
- Tissue Repair and Healing: Older dogs may experience slower tissue repair and healing processes. Protein is essential for cell regeneration and tissue repair. It helps in wound healing, injury recovery, and general tissue maintenance. Increasing protein intake provides the necessary building blocks for tissue repair and healing.
- Weight Management: Many senior dogs have reduced activity levels and slower metabolic rates. Higher protein diets tend to be more satiating, which can help manage their appetite and weight. Adequate protein intake ensures they feel full and satisfied, reducing the risk of overeating and maintaining a healthy weight.
It is important to note that the exact protein requirements for senior dogs may vary based on their individual health status, size, and activity level. In my opinion, it's never too late to transition a dog to a fresh food diet. Some seniors may prefer a cooked diet to a raw diet. Depending on their dental health, raw meaty bones may need to be limited to duck necks and duck feet (or chicken), or ground to ease consumption.
Dental Health for Senior Dogs
Raw fed dogs tend to have better dental health due to consuming raw meaty bones, which removes plaque and tartar from the teeth and along the gumline. However, the wear and tear on a dog's teeth can result in tooth decay and potential loss over time. This can be exacerbated by poor oral hygiene, inadequate dental care, or genetic factors. Older dogs may also have weakened or compromised teeth, making them more susceptible to fractures or infections.
Dental problems in senior dogs can have systemic implications beyond the mouth. Bacteria from dental infections can enter the bloodstream and potentially affect organs such as the heart, liver, and kidneys. This highlights the importance of maintaining good oral health to support overall well-being.
I support my dogs' dental health by feeding raw meaty bones and natural chews from Real Dog Box. I also use a couple of supplements that promote dental health.
- Teef! Daily Dental Care (water additive)
- Mad About Organics Herbal Dental Spray
Digestive Health for Senior Dogs
Senior dogs may experience digestive problems due to various factors that can occur as they age.
- Reduced Digestive Enzymes: Aging can lead to a decrease in the production of digestive enzymes. These enzymes are responsible for breaking down food and facilitating nutrient absorption. Insufficient enzyme production can result in difficulty digesting certain foods, leading to digestive problems like bloating, gas, and diarrhea.
- Decreased Intestinal Motility: Senior dogs may experience slower intestinal motility, which refers to the movement of food through the digestive tract. Sluggish intestinal motility can result in constipation, as the food takes longer to pass through the digestive system. Conversely, it can also contribute to diarrhea if the food moves too quickly through the intestines.
- Weakened Immune Function: The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy gastrointestinal tract. The immune system may weaken with age, making senior dogs more susceptible to gastrointestinal infections and inflammation. This can lead to digestive problems such as vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite.
- Dietary Sensitivities: Senior dogs may develop sensitivities or allergies to certain ingredients or types of food. These sensitivities can cause digestive upset, including diarrhea, vomiting, and flatulence. Identifying and avoiding these trigger foods or ingredients through diet modification can help alleviate digestive issues.
- Underlying Health Conditions: As dogs age, they may be more prone to certain health conditions affecting digestion. These conditions may include pancreatic insufficiency, liver disease, kidney disease, or gastrointestinal disorders. These underlying health issues can disrupt normal digestion and lead to digestive problems.
Proper nutrition, supplementation for gut health, and regular exercise are essential for managing and preventing digestive problems in senior dogs. I alternate prebiotic and probiotic supplements into my dogs' diet, alternating between kefir, raw goat's milk, and natural supplements from the following brands:
Vision and Hearing Changes in Senior Dogs
Senior dogs can often experience vision and hearing problems as a natural part of the aging process. Here are some reasons why senior dogs may develop these issues:
Vision Problems
- Cataracts: Cataracts occur when the eye's lens becomes cloudy, leading to vision impairment or even blindness. Senior dogs are more prone to cataracts, which can develop gradually.
- Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA): PRA is a degenerative condition that affects the retina, leading to progressive vision loss. It is more common in certain breeds and can result in partial or complete blindness.
- Glaucoma: Glaucoma is a condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, which can damage the optic nerve and lead to vision loss. Senior dogs may be more susceptible to glaucoma due to age-related changes in eye structures.
There is slight cloudiness over Rodrigo's eyes, but he can still see. I began adding sardines in plain tomato sauce to his meals. Tomatoes are a great source of lycopene, a powerful antioxidant that supports heart health and may lower the risk of some cancers. Lycopene may also prevent or delay the formation of cataracts and reduce the risk of macular degeneration.
Yes, tomatoes are a nightshade family member, but they aren't toxic to dogs. I only give my dogs the sardines in tomato sauce or fresh RIPE tomatoes from my garden. I never feed the leaves or stems.
Hearing Problems
- Presbycusis: Presbycusis refers to age-related hearing loss. The structures within the ear can degenerate or become less sensitive over time, leading to reduced hearing abilities in senior dogs.
- Ear Infections: Older dogs may have a higher risk of developing ear infections, which can cause inflammation and damage to the structures responsible for hearing.
- Noise Exposure: Lifelong exposure to loud noises can contribute to hearing loss in senior dogs. Loud music, fireworks, or repeated exposure to loud machinery can impact hearing over time.
I've adjusted to Rodrigo's decreased hearing by using a whistle when we're outside roaming the property and speaking louder to get his attention.
It is important to note that not all senior dogs will experience vision or hearing problems, and the severity may vary. If you notice any signs of vision or hearing impairment in your senior dog, such as bumping into objects, disorientation, or not responding to sounds, consult a veterinarian for a proper diagnosis and management plan.
Organ Health for Senior Dogs
As dogs age, their internal organs, such as the heart, liver, and kidneys, may exhibit decreased efficiency. I track Rodrigo's diet, health, and behavior in a journal. This allows for a more fruitful discussion should we need veterinarian intervention.
For now, I'm supporting cognitive, kidney, and liver health with the following supplements:
- Animal Essentials Mushroom Defense – Reishi, Cordyceps, Maitake
- 5 Defenders – Real Mushrooms – Reishi, Shiitake, Maitake, Turkey Tail, Chaga
- Mushroom Immune Pet Chews – Reishi, Shiitake, Maitake, Turkey Tail, Chaga
When CBD Dog Health is having a special, I'll pick up the following quality tinctures:
- MyCoDog Clarity – Reishi, Lion’s Mane, Cordyceps
Vaccinations and Wellness Check-Ups for Senior Dogs
Due to their stress on the immune system, I stop vaccinations once my dogs reach their senior years. However, I do still take my dogs in for annual wellness checks that may include bloodwork.
I keep Your GO 2 by Adored Beast Apothecary on hand for trauma. Sadly, with the senior years, we'll have days when our dogs aren't doing their best. Your GO 2 is a homeopathic answer to pain, shock, trauma, fever, disease, inflammation, and more. It contains arnica (herb) – for trauma, bruising, pain, swelling, inflammation, fear – and aconite (flowering plant) – for pain, hypersensitivity, fear, trauma, fever, stomach issues.
Life with a Senior Raw Fed Dog
The past few years have taught me patience as I've adapted to our new normal with Rodrigo. Because senior dogs have a higher cancer risk, CBD oil and medicinal mushrooms have become important. Boosting Rodrigo's oral and gut microbiome has been vital. And keeping track of what foods and blends he will and won't eat is now a daily task.
But I'm not complaining because we were told Rodrigo wouldn't live long past his third birthday, and he's now, at the time of this post, 13 years old and thriving.
