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Curious about your mutt's breed mix? A dog DNA test is a great way to learn more about your pup – and it doesn't stop at the breed information. Today, dog DNA tests provide information on your dog's health, and you can connect with your dog's siblings, cousins, and more. In this article, I will answer ten of the most common questions people have about dog DNA tests.
What a Dog DNA Test Reveals About a Dog's Ancestry
A DNA test for dogs can determine the specific breeds that make up your dog's genetic makeup, regardless of whether they are mixed or unknown. This data can help you understand your dog's physical characteristics, behavioral tendencies, and potential health risks associated with particular breeds.
How Accurate are Dog DNA Tests?
Dog DNA tests have different levels of accuracy, which vary depending on the company and the technology used. Today, the most popular dog DNA testing companies claim to have a high accuracy rate, usually between 90-99%. However, while these tests can provide valuable insights for dog owners, they aren't always 100% accurate.
The accuracy of a dog DNA test may be influenced by several factors, including:
- sample size taken (if it's taken appropriately)
- the number of breeds in a company's database
- the complexity of the dog's genetic background
By the way, the accuracy of identifying purebred dogs is higher than that of mixed-breed dogs with more complex ancestry. On the other hand, the results of dog DNA tests can be influenced by several factors, including:
- algorithms
- the reference database (the number of breeds)
- how a company extracts data to produce results
This is why using a dog DNA test from a reputable company like Embark Vet or Wisdom Panel is so important.
Can a Dog DNA Test Help Identify Potential Health Risks?
Yes, a dog DNA test can help identify potential health risks for your pet. Some comprehensive dog DNA tests include a health panel that screens for genetic mutations associated with specific diseases and health conditions. These tests can detect markers for genetic diseases, drug sensitivities, and other inherited health risks.
By knowing your dog's genetic predispositions, you can take proactive steps to manage their health. For example, if the test indicates a higher risk of certain diseases, you can work closely with your veterinarian to develop a preventative healthcare plan or undertake early screenings.
It is important to note that a dog DNA test is not a substitute for professional veterinary care. If you have concerns about your dog's health, it is always best to consult a veterinarian.
Are there Specific Dog DNA Tests for mixed-breed dogs?
Yes, there are specific dog DNA tests designed for mixed-breed dogs. These tests are often called “breed identification” or “breed composition” tests. They are specifically tailored to analyze the genetic makeup of mixed-breed dogs and provide insights into their breed ancestry.
These tests compare your dog's DNA with a database of known dog breeds. The more extensive the database, the more accurate and detailed the results will likely be. The test will provide a breakdown of the different breeds present in your dog's genetic composition, typically displayed as a percentage or probability.
How is a Dog's DNA Collected for Testing?
Dog DNA can be collected for testing in a few different ways, depending on the specific test and the company offering it. The most common method of collecting DNA is through a cheek swab. A sterile swab is provided in the testing kit. Dog owners rub the swab against their dog's cheek to collect saliva cells containing their DNA. The swab is then placed back in a provided tube and sent to the testing company for analysis.
How Long Does it Take to Get the DNA Test Results?
The duration to receive the result of a dog DNA test varies based on the company and the type of test being conducted. Typically, dog owners can expect to get their results within a few weeks (between three and eight weeks). The most popular companies ask you to create an account where the data will be stored; dog owners can track the test status through their accounts.
Can a Dog DNA Test Explain Dog Behavioral Traits?
Yes, a dog DNA test can provide insights into certain behavioral traits in dogs. While DNA tests primarily focus on breed identification and health predispositions, they can also provide some information about behavioral tendencies based on breed characteristics. This information is specific to the breed(s) and not the dog being tested. For instance, herding breeds are very active; however, this may not correlate to a dog with Border Collie as part of their breed makeup. Mostly, this information is interesting, but dog owners shouldn't count on it to be as accurate as the DNA information.
Testing Dogs When the Breed is Known
If your dog's breed is already known with certainty, it may not be necessary to conduct a DNA test solely for breed identification purposes. However, there are other reasons why you might still consider a DNA test, even if you know the breed.
- Learn more about the health insights, potential health risks, and more.
- Confirm a dog's breed or breed mix.
- With some tests, you can connect with relatives (siblings, cousins, parents), which can be helpful if you have questions about your dog's health or behavior or want to communicate with the owners of your dog's littermates.
Dog DNA Testing Companies I Recommend
My favorite dog DNA test is Embark Vet, with Wisdom Panel coming in at a close second. Both testing companies offer:
- a database with over 350 breeds
- details on a dog's health, physical features, and behavior
- the option to connect with a dog's relatives
The costs range from $100 to $150, and dog owners can find the kits at lower prices on holidays.
